Effects of enhanced resolution in the North Sea and the Skagerrak

Inge K. Eliassen and Jarle Berntsen

Abstract

A three dimensional sigma-coordinate model has been implemented for an extended North Sea with 20 km horizontal resolution and for a subarea including the central North Sea, the Skagerrak and the Norwegian Trench with 4 km horizontal resolution. The models are forced with hindcast atmospheric forcing, 4 components of the tide and river runoff and run for the period from 15/1-1990 to 24/6-1990. Model results are compared to measurements taken across a transect from the Norwegian coast to the Orkneys and to measurements from repeated hydrographical transects across Skagerrak taken in 1990, the SKAGEX dataset. It is shown that the enhanced resolution allows important smaller scale phenomenas to appear in the numerical solutions and the effects of these smaller scale features on the larger scale fields are demonstrated. These effects include finer structures and additional patchiness in tracer plots, and a 10-20 km wide south going coastal jet along the Norwegian coast. Furthermore, the convergence zone along the Norwegian Trench shelf break becomes more realistic. The effects of the improved resolution are quantified using the SKAGEX dataset.

Keywords: Ocean Models, resolution, validation, the North Sea, the Skagerrak